Improving Trauma Care Worldwide

Chapter 6: Mass Casualty Incidents

  1. The National Association of State EMS Officials (NASEMSO). EMS Office Assessment of the Status of Communications Systems in the States and Territories. https://nasemso.org/wp-content/uploads/EMS-Office-Assessment-of-Status-of-Communications-Systems-in-States-and-Territories-2015.pdf. Date Accessed: August 9, 2024
  2. WHO, International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), and Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF). Interagency integrated triage tool (IITT). July 2023. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/IITT. Date Accessed: August 9, 2024
  3. DeNolf RL, Kahwaji CI. EMS Mass Casualty Management. Updated October 10, 2022. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482373/. Date Accessed: August 9, 2024
  4. Winter E, Hynes AM, Shultz K, Holena DN, Malhotra NR, Cannon JW. Association of police transport with survival among patients with penetrating trauma in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(1):e2034868.
  5. Wandling MW, Nathens AB, Shapiro MB, Haut ER. Police transport versus ground EMS: a trauma system-level evaluation of prehospital care policies and their effect on clinical outcomes. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2016;81(5):931-935.
  6. TriData Division, System Planning Corporation. Aurora Century 16 Theater Shooting: After Action Report for the City of Aurora, Colorado. 2014. https://vpc.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Aurora-Report-After-Action-2014.pdf. Date Accessed: August 9, 2024.
  7. Vassallo J, Smith J. Two major incident triage and the implementation of a new triage tool, the MPTT-24. Emerg Med J. 2017;34:A860-A861.
  8. Vassallo J, Moran CG, Cowburn P, Smith J. New NHS prehospital major incident triage tool: from MIMMS to MITT. Emerg Med J. 2022;39(11):800-802.
  9. Vassallo J, Cowburn P, Park C, et al. Ten second triage: a novel and pragmatic approach to major incident triage. Trauma. 2024;26(1):3-6.
  10. Figure 6-2. An example of a medical branch organization chart. (From Sierra Sacramento Valley EMS Agency. https://www.ssvems.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/837-A.pdf. Date Accessed: August 9, 2024)

 

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